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Blog Post
May 31, 2024
The African Growth and Opportunity Act (AGOA) is up for renewal this year. AGOA is a cornerstone of US-Africa economic relations, and has enjoyed bipartisan support for nearly a quarter century. But it's showing its age. A lot has changed since Bill Clinton signed the bill back in 2000—not least, th...
Blog Post
May 14, 2024
Richer aging countries need educated young workers to provide the services and entrepreneurial talent to sustain their quality of life. A growing population of young, increasingly educated people in poorer countries, and especially in Africa, need good jobs and greater opportunities. More trade in s...
POLICY PAPERS
April 08, 2024
The global locus of undervaccination is increasingly shifting from the poorest countries in the world—which are eligible for support from Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance—to middle-income countries (MICs) that do not qualify for traditional Gavi support. Given these growing challenges, Gavi must rethink i...
CGD NOTES
April 08, 2024
This CGD Note outlines a proposal for a New Compact between Gavi and partner countries. We outline a package of policy shifts for Gavi to consider, in line with the core approach of prioritising country ownership and financing of the highest priority vaccines while health aid is provided at the marg...
Blog Post
April 08, 2024
When Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance, was founded in 2001, it logically targeted its support to the poorest countries—with GNI per capita under a pre-defined eligibility threshold—that also had the highest shares of the world’s undervaccinated children. Fast-forward almost 25 years, and the situation has...
Blog Post
April 08, 2024
Gavi is facing several important milestones in 2024: developing its next five-year strategy, known as “Gavi 6.0,” gearing up for its upcoming replenishment, and welcoming its new CEO. This year presents an opportunity for Gavi’s board and leadership to revisit its approach to ensure continued impact...
WORKING PAPERS
April 04, 2024
Star firms, defined as the top 10 percentile of firms in the world in terms of return on invested capital, are more likely to occur in high-income countries and manufacturing industry, but there is an increasing share of star firms from middle-income countries and the services sector. Star firms hav...
Blog Post
April 04, 2024
A large academic and policy debate has focused on the increase in market concentration over the past few decades which has given rise to “star firms,” a small set of firms that generate abnormal returns for their investors. A common concern is that these firms exert excess market power and behave as...
WORKING PAPERS
April 02, 2024
Starting in 2001, duty-free access to U.S. markets under the African Growth and Opportunity Act (AGOA) led to a brief boom in African manufacturing exports, particularly apparel, which then fizzled in the face of unfettered Chinese competition after 2005. The looming expiration of AGOA—and eroding C...
Blog Post
April 02, 2024
“Trade not aid” is a slogan that appeals to certain instincts on both the left and right. The idea being that rich countries can do more for economic development in poor countries by granting them market access than by sending charity. But will market access really stimulate economic growth in laggi...